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Three Towers in Jiangzhou
Issue time:2021-09-04

Three Towers in Jiangzhou refer to Bell Tower, Drum Tower and Music Tower. The three towers are built according to the terrain, with a nice location and a three-legged stand, which is rare in the country.

Jiangzhou Drum Tower is located in the southeast of Jüyuanchi Community, Longxing Town, Xinjiang County, on the yamen slope at the west end of Gongyuan Lane. Sitting west and facing east, it is 23.95m long from east to west, 17.65m wide from north to south and covers 422.7 square meters. It was founded during Zhizheng years (1341-1368) of Yuan Dynasty. It was repaired many times in the 28th year of Wanli (1600), the 5th year of Chongzhen (1632) of Ming Dynasty, the 4th year of Kangxi (1665) of Qing Dynasty, the 27th year of Qianlong (1762) of Qing Dynasty, and in 1994. The existing main building is a relic of Ming Dynasty. Sitting east and facing west, the Drum Tower has an east-west direction brick arch door (xuanmen), with horizontal plaques on the front and back of the door lintel, “Han Yuan” for east and “Zhen Xin” for west. The three-floor building is five-bay wide and four-rafter long with three eaves in “xie’shan’ding” style roof. There are ambulatories around and drum-type column bases. Bracket sets are built under the eaves of the first and second floors. The bracket style for first floor is a bracket and three sheng (a part of bracket); the bracket style for second floor is “sancai-danqiao”. Two stone steles in memory of reparation are embedded above both sides of the arch gate (xuanmen). It is also called “Three Towers in Jiangzhou” with the Bell Tower and the Music Tower. On November 20, 1996, it was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Jiangzhou Bell Tower is located in Jüyuanchi Community of Xinjiang County, on the yamen slope at the west end of Gongyuan Lane. Sitting north and facing south, the courtyard of Bell Tower is 45 meters long from north to south, 17.33 meters wide from east to west, and covers an area of 780 square meters. According to Xinjiang County Annals, it was founded in the 1st year of Qiande (963) of Song Dynasty; it was repaired many times in the 13th year of Yuanzhi (1294) of Yuan Dynasty, the 1st year of Hongzhi (1488) of Ming Dynasty, the 38th year of Wanli (1610) of Ming Dynasty, and during Qing Dynasty. It was renovated in 1979 and 1994. The existing beam frame is a relic of Ming Dynasty. The length of the building is 9.45 meters and the square base is 1.74 meters high. The building is made of brick, with four brick arch doors in four directions. The column is beamed with “lan’e” and “pubofang” (a type of architrave in ancient Chinese architecture). The bracket style is sancai-danqiao. Each side has a ping-shen-ke (a type of bracket) with a 45-degree inclined arch. The beam frame is a corner beam of jing-kou-fang (a type of purlin in ancient Chinese architecture) with cross-shaped “xieshanding” style roof and a glazed ridge. A bell built in 2nd year of Tiande (1150) of Jin Dynasty hangs inside the Tower. On November 20, 1996, it was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Jiangzhou Music Tower is located at the west end of Gongyuan Lane, Jüyuanchi Community, Xinjiang County, and in the middle of yamen slope. Sitting south and facing north, the overall length from east to west is 16.7 meters, the width from north to south is 8.87 meters, and the brick stone foundation is 2.6 meters high, covering an area of 148 square meters. The date of its establishment is unknown. It is now a relic from Ming Dynasty. It was maintained in 1914 and 1983 and overhauled in 2008. It is a five-bay, four-rafter, double-eave building. The lower floor has a four-slope roof, the upper floor’s front eave is with “xieshanding” style roof, rear eave is with “xuanshanding” style roof. There are arc-roofed houses (“baosha”) in the front. The upper floor’ beam frame is three-beam with two outside columns. Under the eaves, sancai-danqiao brackets are applied. The Music Tower is facing Seven-Star Slope, which is low in the south and high in the north. It is favorable for watching performances. The Music Tower, the Drum Tower and Bell Tower are together called Three Towers in Jiangzhou. On November 20, 1996, it was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit.